Cool Commands for Unix and Windows Home
These are some commands that I use in Windows and Unix/Linux for various purposes.

Windows

ipconfig Show my IP address
ipconfig \all Show my host name, IP addr, MAC addr, subnet mask, DNS servers, etc.
netstat List all TCP connections
netstat -a List all active ports
nslookup host Get IP addr for host
ping host See if a host is accessible


Unix/Linux


System related
uptime Show how long the system has been up
uname -a Show the OS name and version
hostname Shows the machine's name
ps -f -u username Lists all the processes I'm running
echo $0 Shows what shell I'm using
echo $path Shows my path (or any environment variable)

Network related
netstat List all TCP connections
netstat -a List all active ports
nslookup host Get IP addr for host
ping host See if a host is accessible
telnet domain_name 80 Use telnet to make an HTTP request
Example to view http://www.harding.edu/comp/:
telnet www.harding.edu 80
GET /comp/ HTTP/1.1
Host: www.harding.edu

Disk space
df Shows the amount of disk space in use
df /node_or_dirname Shows detailed information about the file system node or dir name
du Shows the amount of disk space used in every dir from current location
du -ks ~fmccown Shows the amount of disk space user fmccown is using (in KB)
cd;du -k | sort -nr | more Shows the disk space used (in KB) for every directory in sorted order

File processing
file myfile Short summary of what type of file myfile is
cat file1 file2 > file3 Concatenates file1 and file2 and stores the result in file3
sort file.txt Sorts a file
uniq file.txt Remove duplicate lines from a sorted file
wc file.txt Counts number of lines, words, and characters in a file
grep search_str file.txt Search for a search_str in a files
tail -f file.txt List the contents of a file as it is being added to
tail -n 100 file.txt List the last 100 lines of a file
find . -name "*html" Find all files named *html starting in the current dir
find . -exec grep "hello" '{}' \; -print Run grep on all files starting in the current dir
cat myfile | hexdump -C Produce a hexdump of myfile

File compression
tar cfz my.tar.gz *.html Creates a gzipped tar file for all .html files
tar -tzf my.tar.gz Lists the contents of my.tar.gz
tar xvfz my.tar.gz Uncompresses and untars my.tar.gz
gzip myfile.txt Compresses myfile.txt creating myfile.txt.gz
gzip -d myfile.txt.gz Uncompresses myfile.txt.gz creating myfile.txt
bzip2 myfile.txt Compresses myfile.txt creating myfile.txt.bz2 (Use -k to keep myfile.txt)
bzip2 -d myfile.txt.bz2 Uncompresses myfile.txt.bz2 creating myfile.txt

I/O redirection
cmd > log.txt Redirect cmd output (stdout) to log.txt
cmd >> log.txt Append stdout to log.txt
cmd 1> out_log.txt  2> err_log.txt Send stdout to out_log.txt and stderr to err_log.txt
cmd &> log.txt Redirect stdout and stderr to log.txt. Note: use >& for C shell.

Running processes
./cmd & Run process in the background
nohup ./cmd & Run process in the background, and don't terminate when shell is terminated


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